An Atlas of Epidurograms: Epidural Blocks Investigated

Adhesions in the epidural space caused by frequent epidural blocks

We report a case of adhesions in the epidural space caused by more than 200 times epidural blocks that were observed with epiduroscopy. A 41-year-old man had repeatedly undergone lumbar epidural blocks to treat pain in his leg, resulting in decreased efficacy of the epidural block. We described endoscopic findings that these adhesions were mostly consisted of adhesions formed from the soft conn...

The spread of solutions injected into the epidural space. A study using epidurograms in patients with the lumbosciatic syndrome.

Radiological evidence of the distribution of solutions in the epidural space indicates that the volume used and the site of injection are the most relevant factors, while the height of the" patient is of little importance, and the rate of injection, posture, and age of the patient exert no influence. Even so, there are wide variations in spread with a given volume via the same route, and it is ...

Sonographic estimation of needle depth for cervical epidural blocks.

BACKGROUND Cervical epidural steroid injections are often used to treat acute and chronic pain syndromes involving the face, neck, and upper extremities. Ultrasound has evolved as a valuable tool for performing neuraxial blocks, providing useful prepuncture information on the structure. Our goal was to evaluate the accuracy and precision of ultrasound by comparing skin to dura distance from ult...

ATLAS Commander: an ATLAS production tool

This paper describes the ATLAS production tool AtCom (for ATLAS Commander). The purpose of the tool is to automate as much as possible the task of a production manager: defining and submitting jobs in large quantities, following up upon their execution, scanning log files for known and unknown errors, updating the various ATLAS bookkeeping databases on successful completion of a job whilst clea...

An Atlas of Amputations